Rotator cuff tear: This is a tear in one or more of the tendons or muscles that surround the shoulder joint. A rotator cuff tear can cause pain, weakness, and difficulty moving the shoulder. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint and help to move and stabilize the arm. A rotator cuff tear is a tear in one or more of these muscles or tendons. The rotator cuff can be torn as a result of an injury, such as a fall, or from repetitive strain, such as from throwing a ball or lifting weights.

Symptoms of a rotator cuff tear may include:

• Pain when lifting the arm or reaching overhead
• Weakness in the arm
• Difficulty sleeping on the affected side
• A crackling sensation when moving the shoulder
• A “dead arm” feeling

Rotator cuff tears can be treated with a variety of methods, including physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroid injections, and surgery. The treatment will depend on the severity of the tear and the patient’s symptoms.

Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis): This is a condition that causes the shoulder joint to become stiff and painful. It can be caused by injury or surgery, and it can also occur spontaneously. It is characterized by a tightening and thickening of the joint capsule, which is a sac of connective tissue that surrounds the shoulder joint. This thickening and tightening of the capsule can limit the movement of the shoulder joint, leading to stiffness and pain. Frozen shoulder is more common in people who are middle-aged or older, and it is more common in women than in men. It can also occur in people who have diabetes or who have had a stroke or a heart attack.

Symptoms of frozen shoulder may include:

• Pain, especially when moving the shoulder
• Stiffness, which may get worse over time
• Limited range of motion in the shoulder joint

Frozen shoulder can be treated with a variety of methods, including physical therapy, pain medication, and corticosteroid injections. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to release the tightened capsule and improve shoulder mobility.

Osteoarthritis: This is a degenerative joint disease that can cause pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the shoulder joint.

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint arthritis is a type of osteoarthritis that affects the joint between the acromion (a bony projection on the shoulder blade) and the clavicle (collarbone). Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes the cartilage in the joint to wear away, leading to pain, stiffness, and difficulty moving the joint.

Symptoms of AC joint arthritis may include:

• Pain in the shoulder, especially when lifting the arm or reaching overhead
• Stiffness in the shoulder, especially after periods of inactivity
• Swelling or tenderness in the AC joint
• A grinding sensation when moving the shoulder

AC joint arthritis can be treated with a variety of methods, including physical therapy, pain medication, and corticosteroid injections. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or reconstruct the joint. The treatment will depend on the severity of the arthritis and the patient’s symptoms.

Subacromial impingement and Bursitis: This is an inflammation of the bursae (small fluid-filled sacs) in the shoulder joint. It can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the shoulder.

Subacromial bursitis is an inflammation of the subacromial bursa, which is a small fluid-filled sac located under the acromion (a bony projection on the shoulder blade). It can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the shoulder. Subacromial bursitis is often caused by repetitive strain injuries, such as from throwing a ball or lifting weights, or from poor posture.

Impingement syndrome is a condition that occurs when the tendons or bursae (small fluid-filled sacs) in the shoulder become compressed or pinched. This can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the shoulder. Impingement syndrome is often caused by repetitive strain injuries or by structural abnormalities of the shoulder joint.

Symptoms of subacromial bursitis and impingement syndrome may include:

• Pain in the shoulder, especially when lifting the arm or reaching overhead
• Swelling or tenderness in the shoulder
• A clicking or cracking sensation when moving the shoulder
• Weakness in the arm

Treatment for subacromial bursitis and impingement syndrome may include physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroid injections, and surgery. The specific treatment will depend on the severity of the condition and the patient’s symptoms.

Tendinitis: This is an inflammation of a tendon in the shoulder joint. It can cause pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the shoulder.

Dislocated shoulder: This occurs when the upper arm bone (humerus) is displaced from the shoulder blade (scapula). It can cause severe pain and difficulty moving the shoulder. This can cause the shoulder joint to become unstable and cause severe pain. Shoulder dislocations are usually caused by a fall or a blow to the shoulder, and they can also occur as a result of a sports injury.

Symptoms of a shoulder dislocation may include:

• Severe pain in the shoulder
• Inability to move the shoulder
• Swelling or bruising around the shoulder
• A visibly deformed shoulder

Shoulder dislocations should be treated as a medical emergency. The shoulder should be immobilized and the patient should be transported to a hospital for treatment. Treatment may include reducing the dislocation (putting the shoulder back in place), pain medication, and physical therapy. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair any damage to the joint.

Labral tear: This is a tear in the labrum, which is a ring of cartilage around the shoulder joint. It can cause pain, instability, and difficulty moving the shoulder. The labrum helps to stabilize the shoulder joint and allows for a range of motion. A labral tear can occur as a result of an injury, such as a fall or a car accident, or from repetitive strain, such as from throwing a ball or lifting weights.

Symptoms of a labral tear may include:

• Pain in the shoulder, especially when lifting the arm or reaching overhead
• A feeling of instability or “catching” in the shoulder
• Difficulty moving the shoulder through its full range of motion
• A popping or clicking sensation in the shoulder

Labral tears can be treated with a variety of methods, including physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroid injections. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged tissue. The treatment will depend on the severity of the tear and the patient’s symptoms.

A labral tear is a tear in the labrum, which is a ring of cartilage around the shoulder joint. The labrum helps to stabilize the shoulder joint and allows for a range of motion. A labral tear can occur as a result of an injury, such as a fall or a car accident, or from repetitive strain, such as from throwing a ball or lifting weights.

Symptoms of a labral tear may include:

• Pain in the shoulder, especially when lifting the arm or reaching overhead
• A feeling of instability or “catching” in the shoulder
• Difficulty moving the shoulder through its full range of motion
• A popping or clicking sensation in the shoulder

Labral tears can be treated with a variety of methods, including physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroid injections. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or remove the damaged tissue. The treatment will depend on the severity of the tear and the patient’s symptoms.